Epoxidation [RCO3H]
Epoxidation [RCO3H] Epoxidation Definition: Epoxidation is treatment where an electrophilic oxidizing agent is capable of introducing a single oxygen atom to connect to both carbons of a double bond. This…
Epoxidation [RCO3H] Epoxidation Definition: Epoxidation is treatment where an electrophilic oxidizing agent is capable of introducing a single oxygen atom to connect to both carbons of a double bond. This…
Enolate formation Enolate formation Definition: When treated with a strong base, the α position of a ketone or aldehyde is deprotonated to give a resonance-stabilized intermediate called an enolate ion…
Enamine Hydrolysis Enamine Hydrolysis Definition: Treatment of enamines with water and aqueous acid leads to the formation of aldehydes or ketones and secondary amines. Enamine Hydrolysis Explained: Enamines undergo hydrolysis when treated with…
Enamine formation [R2NH] Enamine formation [R2NH] Definition: When ketones are treated with secondary amines and heated with an acid catalyst, a condensation reaction occurs, resulting in the loss of water and formation an enamine. Enamine formation…
E2: Alkenes from alkyl halides E2: Alkenes from alkyl halides Definition: Addition of a strong base to an alkyl halide results in elimination to form an alkene. E2: Alkenes from…
E1 with rearrangement [hydride shift] E1 with rearrangement [hydride shift] Definition: When unstable carbocations are formed under conditions typical for E1 reactions, hydride shift can occur. E1 with rearrangement [hydride…
E1: Alkenes from alkyl halides E1: Alkenes from alkyl halides Definition: Alkyl halides that can readily form carbocations will undergo elimination to form alkenes. E1: Alkenes from alkyl halides Explained:…
Dihydroxylation [OsO4] Dihydroxylation Definition: When an alkene is treated with osmium tetroxide (OsO4), two hydroxyl groups are added to the alkene by cleaving the double bond. This process is called syn dihydroxylation. Dihydroxylation Explained: In this process,…
Dihydroxylation [KMnO4] Dihydroxylation Definition: When treated alkene with potassium permanganate, two hydroxyl groups are added, so the resulting compounds are called dihydroxylates of the reaction of syn-dihydroxylation. Dihydroxylation Explained: In basic conditions, the diol is formed by treating alkene…
Diels–Alder reaction Diels-Alder reaction Definition: The Diels-Alder reaction converts a diene and an alkene (usually electron-poor, called a “dienophile”) into a six-membered ring containing an alkene (cyclohexene). Diels-Alder reaction Explained:…